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The Polarimetric and Helioseismic Imager on Solar Orbiter

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The Polarimetric and Helioseismic Imager on Solar Orbiter

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dc.contributor.author	Solanki, S.K.
dc.contributor.author	Sanchis Kilders, Esteban
dc.contributor.author	Blanco Rodríguez, Julian
dc.contributor.author	Gasent-Blesa, José Luis
dc.contributor.author	Ferreres Sabater, Agustín
dc.contributor.author	Alvarez Herrero, A.
dc.contributor.author	Pérez Grande, Isabel
dc.contributor.author	Martínez Pillet, V.
dc.contributor.author	Gómez Cama, J. M.
dc.contributor.author	Fernandez Rico, G
dc.contributor.author	Alvarez Copano, M.
dc.contributor.author	García Parejo, P.
dc.contributor.author	del Toro Iniesta, J. C.
dc.contributor.author	RodríguezMartínez, P.
dc.date.accessioned	2023-11-24T12:49:21Z
dc.date.available	2023-11-24T12:49:21Z
dc.date.issued	2020
dc.identifier.uri	https://hdl.handle.net/10550/91409
dc.description.abstract	This paper describes the Polarimetric and Helioseismic Imager on the Solar Orbiter mission (SO/PHI), the first magnetograph and helioseismology instrument to observe the Sun from outside the Sun-Earth line. It is the key instrument meant to address the top-level science question: How does the solar dynamo work and drive connections between the Sun and the heliosphere? SO/PHI will also play an important role in answering the other top-level science questions of Solar Orbiter, while hosting the potential of a rich return in further science. Methods. SO/PHI measures the Zeeman effect and the Doppler shift in the Fe I 617.3 nm spectral line. To this end, the instrument carries out narrow-band imaging spectro-polarimetry using a tunable LiNbO3 Fabry-Perot etalon, while the polarisation modulation is done with liquid crystal variable retarders. The line and the nearby continuum are sampled at six wavelength points and the data are recorded by a 2k × 2k CMOS detector. To save valuable telemetry, the raw data are reduced on board, including being inverted under the assumption of a Milne-Eddington atmosphere, although simpler reduction methods are also available on board. SO/PHI is composed of two telescopes; one, the Full Disc Telescope, covers the full solar disc at all phases of the orbit, while the other, the High Resolution Telescope, can resolve structures as small as 200 km on the Sun at closest perihelion. The high heat load generated through proximity to the Sun is greatly reduced by the multilayer-coated entrance windows to the two telescopes that allow less than 4% of the total sunlight to enter the instrument, most of it in a narrow wavelength band around the chosen spectral line. Results. SO/PHI was designed and built by a consortium having partners in Germany, Spain, and France. The flight model was delivered to Airbus Defence and Space, Stevenage, and successfully integrated into the Solar Orbiter spacecraft. A number of innovations were introduced compared with earlier space-based spectropolarimeters, thus allowing SO/PHI to fit into the tight mass, volume, power and telemetry budgets provided by the Solar Orbiter spacecraft and to meet the (e.g. thermal) challenges posed by the mission's highly elliptical orbit.
dc.language.iso	eng
dc.relation.ispartof	Astronomy & Astrophysics, 2020, vol. 642, A11
dc.source	Solanki, S.K. et al. (2020). The Polarimetric and Helioseismic Imager on Solar Orbiter. Astronomy & Astrophysics, 642, A11. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201935325
dc.subject	astronomia
dc.subject	astrofísica
dc.subject	física
dc.subject	electrònica
dc.subject	polarimeters
dc.subject	imaging spectroscopy
dc.subject	polarimetric
dc.subject	helioseismology
dc.subject	magnetic fields
dc.subject	sun
dc.title	The Polarimetric and Helioseismic Imager on Solar Orbiter
dc.type	journal article
dc.date.updated	2023-11-24T12:49:21Z
dc.identifier.doi	10.1051/0004-6361/201935325
dc.identifier.idgrec	142235
dc.rights.accessRights	open access