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Bosch Juan, Lourdes
Alegría Torán, Amparo Asunción (dir.); Farré Rovira, Rosaura (dir.) Universitat de València - MEDICINA PREVENTIVA I SALUT PÚBLICA, BROMATOLOGIA, TOXICOLOGIA I MEDICINA LEGAL |
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Aquest document és un/a tesi, creat/da en: 2007 | |
The thermal treatments applied in infants foods manufacture and the storage period favour the development of the Maillard reaction (MR), than can affect the protein quality. The final aim of this work was to study the development of MR in milk-cereal based ready-to-eat infant foods.
The validation of a pre-column derivatization procedure with 6-aminoquinolyl-N-hydroxysuccinimidyl carbamate (AQC) to the determination of the amino acid content by reverse-phase high performance chromatographic (RP-HPLC) with fluorescence detection was carried out. Tryptophan was determined by RP-HPLC with UV detection after basic hydrolysis. Three different milk-cereal based infant foods were analyzed. The amino acid profiles were similar in all samples, and also similar to the amino acid profile of milk, their main component. A infant food serving (250 mL) contributes significantly to fulfillment of the ...
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The thermal treatments applied in infants foods manufacture and the storage period favour the development of the Maillard reaction (MR), than can affect the protein quality. The final aim of this work was to study the development of MR in milk-cereal based ready-to-eat infant foods.
The validation of a pre-column derivatization procedure with 6-aminoquinolyl-N-hydroxysuccinimidyl carbamate (AQC) to the determination of the amino acid content by reverse-phase high performance chromatographic (RP-HPLC) with fluorescence detection was carried out. Tryptophan was determined by RP-HPLC with UV detection after basic hydrolysis. Three different milk-cereal based infant foods were analyzed. The amino acid profiles were similar in all samples, and also similar to the amino acid profile of milk, their main component. A infant food serving (250 mL) contributes significantly to fulfillment of the Recommended Dietary Allowances for infants and young children. Tryptophan was the limiting amino acid in the analyzed infant foods.
Furosine, fluorescent AGEs (advanced glycation end products) and color formation were measured in the three mentioned infant foods stored at 25º, 30º and 37ºC for 9 months to evaluate the initial, advanced and final stages of the MR, respectively. Temperature increase and storage time had a great effect on the formation of these MR indicators. Predictive model equations were obtained explaining 80-96% of the variability in the formation of these compounds. The partial correlations between the studied parameters were nonsignificant, suggesting different pathways in their formation. Parallel formation of fluorescent and colored compounds is proposed. Color is less sensitive to small changes in sample composition. The presence of honey can favour the first steps of MR.
The validation of a method for evaluating protein quality by simultaneous analysis of lysine, carboxymethyllysine (CML) and lysinoalanine (LAL, crosslinking product) by gas chromatography-FID prior N-tert-butyldimethylsilyl-N-methyltrifluoroacetamide derivatization was carried out. Model systems were studied to know the influence of protein source on the rate of carboxymethylation. CML and LAL were not detected in just manufactured milk-cereal based infant foods; however, levels of CML from 69 to 118 mg/100 g protein were measured in milk-cereal based infant foods stored at 37ºC for 9 months.RESUMEN
La calidad nutritiva/proteica de las papillas infantiles puede modificarse durante su elaboración y almacenamiento por el desarrollo de la reacción de Maillard (RM). El objeto final del trabajo es contribuir a un mejor conocimiento del desarrollo de esta reacción durante el almacenamiento de papillas de cereales con leche (PCL) listas para el consumo.
Se optimiza y valida un método para la determinación de aminoácidos resistentes a la hidrólisis ácida, metionina y cisteína, por cromatografía líquida de alta resolución (CLAR) en fase reversa con detección de fluorescencia, previa derivatización con AQC (6-aminoquinolil-N-hidroxisuccinimidil carbamato). El triptófano se determina con hidrólisis básica, sin derivatización y por CLAR/UV. Estos métodos se aplican a PCL (multicereales, 8 cereales con miel, y cereales y frutas), y se observa que tienen un perfil similar, que a la vez es parecido al de la leche, su principal componente. Una ración de PCL (250 mL) contribuye significativamente al cumplimiento de las ingestas dietéticas recomendadas (RDA) de lactantes y niños de corta edad. El índice químico estimado (FAO/OMS, 1985) viene dado por el triptófano (aminoácido limitante).
Se estudia la evolución de la RM durante el almacenamiento de PCL a tres temperaturas (25, 30 y 37ºC) durante 9 meses, midiendo indicadores de las distintas etapas de la RM: furosina (etapa inicial), por CLAR/UV; AGEs y pentodil-lisina (etapa avanzada), por fluorimetría; y color (etapa final), utilizando un colorímetro Hunter Labscan. Estos indicadores aumentan de forma gradual a lo largo del almacenamiento de las PCL y con la temperatura. Se proponen modelos predictivos, en función de las variables tiempo, temperatura y/o tipo de muestra, que explican un porcentaje elevado (80-96%) de la variabilidad encontrada en la formación de dichos compuestos. Las correlaciones parciales entre los indicadores estudiados no son significativas, lo que sugiere diferentes vías de formación. Según los resultados obtenidos, los compuestos fluorescentes y coloreados se formarían, mayoritariamente, por vías paralelas. La adición de miel a las PCL puede favorecer el desarrollo de las primeras etapas de la RM. Los compuestos coloreados no varían por pequeños cambios en la composición de las PCL.
Finalmente, se optimiza y valida un método de determinación de carboximetil-lisina (CML) por cromatografía de gases con detección FID (ionización de llama), previa derivatización con N-metil-N-(tert-butildimetilsilil)-trifluoroacetamida (MTBSTFA), y se aplica a las PCL, a sistemas modelo con diferentes tipos de proteína y otros alimentos. El método permite la medida simultánea de CML, lisina y lisinoalanina (LAL) (aminoácido artificial formado durante el calentamiento de alimentos ricos en proteínas). En los sistemas modelo estudiados, la proteína que proporciona mayor cantidad de CML es la BSA, seguida de la soja, la caseína y el gluten. Las PCL recién fabricadas no contienen CML ni LAL, pero en muestras almacenadas durante 9 meses a 37ºC se detecta CML (69.1-118.2 mg/100g proteína).
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