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Calvo López, Clara
Ballester-Bolinches, Adolfo (dir.) Universitat de València - ÀLGEBRA |
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Aquest document és un/a tesi, creat/da en: 2007 | |
This thesis deals with finite groups. More precisely, it studies formations,
which are classes of groups closed under taking homomorphic images and
subdirect products. The concept of X-local formation, where X is a class
of simple groups, generalises the concepts of local formation and Baer-local
formation. It was introduced by F¨orster with the aim of generalising the
well-known theorems of Gasch¨utz-Lubeseder-Schmid and Baer. The first one
states that a formation is saturated if and only if it is local. The second one
characterises Baer-local formations as the solubly saturated ones. F¨orster
introduced a Frattini-like subgroup associated with the class X and which
allowed him to introduce the concept of X-saturation. In the first chapter
of the thesis a new Frattini-like subgroup is defined. This subgroup allows
us to give a more natural generalisation of the above-mention...
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This thesis deals with finite groups. More precisely, it studies formations,
which are classes of groups closed under taking homomorphic images and
subdirect products. The concept of X-local formation, where X is a class
of simple groups, generalises the concepts of local formation and Baer-local
formation. It was introduced by F¨orster with the aim of generalising the
well-known theorems of Gasch¨utz-Lubeseder-Schmid and Baer. The first one
states that a formation is saturated if and only if it is local. The second one
characterises Baer-local formations as the solubly saturated ones. F¨orster
introduced a Frattini-like subgroup associated with the class X and which
allowed him to introduce the concept of X-saturation. In the first chapter
of the thesis a new Frattini-like subgroup is defined. This subgroup allows
us to give a more natural generalisation of the above-mentioned theorems.
Moreover, X-local formations are characterised as the classes of groups with
generalised central chief factors. In the second chapter the relation between
this family of formations and the one of !-saturated formations, where ! is
a set of primes, is studied. The third chapter is devoted to analyse some
problems on the product of two formations. A classical result states that the
product of two saturated formations is a saturated formation. This result
is not true in general for solubly saturated formations. We give conditions
on two X-saturated formations to ensure that the product is an X-saturated
formation. As a corollary we obtain a result for products of Baer-local
formations. The starting point of chapter four is a question posed by Skiba
in the Kourovka Notebook dealing Baer-local formations generated by a
group. We study a more general question by using the concept of X-local
formation. Moreover, we give a complete description of the factorisations of
an X-local formation generated by a group.
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RESUMEN
La tesis se enmarca dentro de la teor´ýa de grupos finitos. M´as concretamente,
se centra en el estudio de las formaciones de grupos, que son las
clases de grupos cerradas para cocientes y para productos subdirectos. El
concepto de formaci´on X-local, donde X es una clase de grupos simples,
generaliza los conceptos de formaci´on local y formaci´on de Baer. Fue introducido
por F¨orster con la idea de generalizar los conocidos teoremas de
Gasch¨utz-Lubeseder-Schmid y de Baer. El primero de ellos afirma que una
formaci´on es saturada si, y s´olo si, es local. El segundo caracteriza las formaciones
Baer-locales como las resolublemente saturadas. Para ello F¨orster
introdujo un subgrupo de tipo Frattini asociado a la clase X del cual surge
el concepto de X-saturaci´on. En el primer cap´ýtulo de la tesis se define un
nuevo subgrupo mediante el que se consigue una generalizaci´on m´as satisfactoria
de los teoremas mencionados. Tambi´en se caracterizan las formaciones
X-locales como las clases de grupos con factores principales generalizados.
En el segundo cap´ýtulo se estudia la relaci´on entre esta familia de formaciones
y la de las formaciones w-saturadas, donde w es un conjunto de n´umeros
primos. En la tesis tambi´en se abordan problemas relativos al producto de
dos formaciones. Un resultado cl´asico de teor´ýa de clases de grupos afirma
que el producto de dos formaciones saturadas es una formaci´on saturada.
Este resultado no es cierto en general para formaciones resolublemente saturadas.
En el cap´ýtulo tercero se presentan condiciones necesarias y suficientes
para que el producto de dos formaciones X-saturadas sea una formaci´on Xsaturada.
Como consecuencia, cuando X es la clase de los grupos simples
abelianos, obtenemos un resultado para productos de formaciones resolublemente
saturadas. El punto de partida del cap´ýtulo cuarto es una pregunta
de Skiba que aparece en la edici´on de 1992 del Kourovka Notebook sobre
formaciones Baer-locales generadas por un grupo. Nosotros abordamos una
cuesti´on m´as general usando formaciones X-locales. Adem´as, damos una descripci´on completa de las factorizaciones de una formaci´on X-local generada
por un grupo.
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