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The frontier between cell and organelle: genome analysis of Candidatus Carsonella ruddii

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The frontier between cell and organelle: genome analysis of Candidatus Carsonella ruddii

dc.contributor.author	Tamames de la Huerta, Javier
dc.contributor.author	Gil García, Rosario
dc.contributor.author	Latorre, Amparo
dc.contributor.author	Peretó, Juli
dc.contributor.author	Moya, Andrés
dc.contributor.author	Silva Moreno, Francisco J.
dc.date.accessioned	2010-08-10T10:52:55Z
dc.date.available	2010-08-10T10:52:55Z
dc.date.issued	2007
dc.identifier.citation	Tamames,J.; Gil,R.; Latorre,A.; Pereto,J.; Silva,F.J.; Moya,A. The frontier between cell and organelle: genome analysis of Candidatus Carsonella ruddii. En BMC Evolutionary Biology 2007, 7:181	en
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10550/16809
dc.description.abstract	Background Bacterial symbioses are widespread among insects. The early establishment of such symbiotic associations has probably been one of the key factors for the evolutionary success of insects, since it may have allowed access to novel ecological niches and to new imbalanced food resources, such as plant sap or blood. Several genomes of bacterial endosymbionts of different insect species have been recently sequenced, and their biology has been extensively studied. Recently, the complete genome sequence of Candidatus Carsonella ruddii, considered the primary endosymbiont of the psyllid Pachpsylla venusta, has been published. This genome consists of a circular chromosome of 159,662 bp and has been proposed as the smallest bacterial endosymbiont genome known to date. Results The detailed analysis of the gene content of C. ruddii shows that the extensive degradation of the genome is not compatible with its consideration as a mutualistic endosymbiont and, even more, as a living organism. The ability to perform most essential functions for a cell to be considered alive is heavily impaired by the lack of genes involved in DNA replication, transcription and translation. Furthermore, the shortening of genes causes, in some cases, the loss of essential domains and functional residues needed to fulfill such vital functions. In addition, at least half of the pathways towards the biosynthesis of essential amino acids, its proposed symbiotic function, are completely or partially lost. Conclusion We propose that this strain of C. ruddii can be viewed as a further step towards the degeneration of the former primary endosymbiont and its transformation in a subcellular new entity between living cells and organelles. Although the transition of genes from C. ruddii to the host nucleus has been proposed, the amount of genes that should have been transferred to the germinal line of the insect would be so big that it would be more plausible to consider the implication of the mitochondrial machinery encoded in the insect nucleus. Furthermore, since most genes for the biosynthesis of essential amino acids have also been lost, it is likely that the host depends on another yet unidentified symbiont to complement its deficient diet.	en
dc.language.iso	en	en
dc.subject	Genome analysis; Candidatus Carsonella ruddii; Circular chromosome of 159,662 bp	en
dc.title	The frontier between cell and organelle: genome analysis of Candidatus Carsonella ruddii	en
dc.type	journal article	es_ES
dc.subject.unesco	UNESCO::CIENCIAS DE LA VIDA::Genética ::Otras	en
dc.identifier.doi	10.1186/1471-2148-7-181	en
dc.identifier.idgrec	042734	en
dc.type.hasVersion	VoR	es_ES
dc.identifier.url	http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2175510/pdf/1471-2148-7-181.pdf	en