Mostra el registre complet de l'element
Falomir Pastor, Concepción
Seguí Marco, Juan José (dir.) Departament de Història de l'Antiguitat i la Cultura Escrita |
|
Aquest document és un/a tesi, creat/da en: 2013 | |
This Thesis, “Juba II, King of the Mauros and Libyans”, analyses the importance that the Principality of Augustus had on the establishment of this North African Prince as King of Mauretania.
Based on the analysis of his Numidian origin, the relationships of alliances and friendships that linked his family to Rome are important and widely explained and studied in depth in this work. The study of numismatics, epigraphic, literary and archaeological remains, demonstrate the actions of this monarch in his Kingdom in socio-economic, military and political terms.
To begin with, the study indicates that this monarch carried out an important monetary reform, the principle of which was then adopted by Augustus. The purpose was integrate the new tax systems, streamline business transactions, and to be compatible with other military and administrative systems. In addition, it boosted the develop...
[Llegir més ...]
[-]
This Thesis, “Juba II, King of the Mauros and Libyans”, analyses the importance that the Principality of Augustus had on the establishment of this North African Prince as King of Mauretania.
Based on the analysis of his Numidian origin, the relationships of alliances and friendships that linked his family to Rome are important and widely explained and studied in depth in this work. The study of numismatics, epigraphic, literary and archaeological remains, demonstrate the actions of this monarch in his Kingdom in socio-economic, military and political terms.
To begin with, the study indicates that this monarch carried out an important monetary reform, the principle of which was then adopted by Augustus. The purpose was integrate the new tax systems, streamline business transactions, and to be compatible with other military and administrative systems. In addition, it boosted the development of industrial activities and increased the wealth of that coastal area, i.e. with salting factories, the production of garum and salted fish plus other activities including the manufacture of purple dye púrpura.
He probably instigated the basis of a market agriculture, which matured in the 2nd century AD, and obtained through geographical exploration, an empiric knowledge of other forms of wealth from the Mauritanian realm such as precious woods or animals that reached high prices on the market, and which no doubt served as important sources of income. In turn these activities led to the creation of further new industries such as pottery.
The rapid economic momentum given to the kingdom, was made possible by an enlightened military strategy. His performance in this field is dealt with in depth and demonstrates his effective conduct in both helping to Rome to defend the province of Africa from incursions, and from wars involving neighbouring tribes within his own Kingdom. Importantly, he was able to rely on his army which was made up of not only infantry which followed the Roman model, but also of his own native cavalry, the famous Maura Cavalry, which was highly regarded for its great tactical skills, agility and mobility.
He also possessed a navy based in the military port of Caesarea, which made that city the most important military base in the West. He was responsible for maintaining the Pax Augusta in the Western Mediterranean and the Atlantic and participated actively in, and formed part of the military projects of Octavio which were intended to establish peace thoughout the Empire without which the economy could not grow. The nomadic and semi-nomadic tribes, and those external to the realm which could have caused disruption in areas of economic wealth, were kept under control throughout his long reign (25 BC-23 AD), and also that of his son Ptolemy who reigned until 40 AD.
During this time, Juba II was able to establish his dynasty and earned the respect of his subjects and the elite of imperial society. On one hand, he appealed to his North African origins reminding them he was descended from the great Masinissa, which linked him to that monarchy. On the other his marriage to Cleopatra Selene, daughter of the great Cleopatra and Mark Antony importantly linked him to the Lagidas.
The Intellectual abilities and diplomatic skills of Juba together with his brilliant lineage, and his dynasty, made him one of the most important characters of the Augustian period. Thus, the diligence of Juba II in all these referred to areas, makes him not just a key character in the Romanisation of the ancient Mauritania, but elevates him to a figure who was of extreme importance and value to Augustus in achieving his imperial policies, and which propels Juba II to the elevated status of "The King’s Partner and Friend of Rome”.Con la tesis Juba II, rey de los mauros y los libios, se analiza la transcendencia que para el Principado de Agusto tuvo la instauración de este príncipe norteafricano como rey de Mauritania. Partiendo del análisis de su origen númida y las relaciones de alianza y amistad que vincularon su familia a Roma, hechos de gran relevancia y ampliamente explicados en este trabajo, se acomete en profundidad el estudio de los restos numismáticos, epigráficos, literarios y arqueológicos que conducen a establecer las líneas de actuación de este monarca en su reino, a nivel socioeconómico, militar y político. En cuanto al primer ascpecto citado, del estudio realizado se desprende que este monarca llevó a cabo una reforma monetaria de vital importancia, que a su vez se inscribía en la realizada por el propio Augusto. La finalidad de la misma era satisfacer el nuevo sistema impositivo, agilizar las transacciones comerciales y cumplir con otros menesteres de tipo militar y administrativo. Igualmente, potenció el desarrollo de las actividades industriales relacionadas con la riqueza de sus costas, es decir, las factorías salazoneras, donde además de la elaboración del garum y salazones, se llevaron a cabo otras actividades como la fabricación de la púrpura. Asentó probablemente las bases de una agricultura de mercado, que tomaron su verdadera madurez en el s. II d.C. y obtuvo, a través de exploraciones geográficas, un conocimiento empiríco de otras riquezas del reino mauritano, como maderas preciosas o animales que alcanzaban una alta cotización en el mercado, y que sin lugar a dudas le sirvieron como importante fuente de ingresos. Actividades todas ellas, que eran a su vez motor de otras empresas secundarias que alcanzaron gran relevancia, tal como la alfareria. El excelente impulso económico que consiguió proporcionarle al reino, fue posible gracias a una importante labor militar. Su actuación en este campo ha sido tratada en profundidad y se advierte una conducta efectiva, tanto ayudando a Roma a defender la Provincia de África de las incursiones y guerras protagonizadas por tribus conlindantes, como en su propio reino. Contó con un ejército importante configurado por una infantería formada a la romana y una caballería autóctona, la famosa caballería maura, de gran valor táctico por su agilidad y movilidad. También poseyó una marina de guerra, que ubicada en el puerto militar de Caesarea, hacía de esta ciudad, la capital del reino, una
base militar en Occidente de primer orden. Juba II, responsable de velar por la Pax Augusta en el Mediterráneo occidental y en el Atlántico, participó activamente y formó parte del proyecto militar de Octavio, que tenía por objeto conferirle al Imperio una tranquilidad sin la cual la economía no podía crecer. Este monarca durante su largo reinado (25 a.C.-23 d.C), así como su hijo Ptolomeo que reinó hasta el 40 d.C., mantuvieron bajo control las tribus nómadas y seminómadas, externas al reino, que podían causar disturbios en las áreas de mayor riqueza económica. Al mismo tiempo, Juba supo cimentar su dinastía y granjearse el respeto de sus súbditos y de las élites de la sociedad imperial. Por una parte, apeló a su orígen norteafricano recordando que era descendiente del gran Masinisa, lo que le acercaba a la institución monárquica. Por otro lado, entroncó por matrimonio con los Lágidas al esposarse con Cleopatra Selene, hija de la Gran Cleopatra y Marco Antonio. Las capacidades intelectuales y aptitudes diplomáticas de Juba, unidas al brillo de su estirpe y su dinastía, le hicieron una de los personajes más relevantes del período augusto.
Así pues, la diligencia de Juba II en todos los ámbitos tratados, le destacan no sólo como pieza clave en la romanización de la antigua Mauritania, sino sobre todo como un hombre de extremada valía para Augusto en la consecución de su política imperial, reivindicando la importancia que tuvieron para la misma la figura de los “reyes socios y amigos de Roma”, en especial este personaje.
|
|
Veure al catàleg Trobes |