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Early-Life Exposure to Outdoor Air Pollution and Respiratory Health, Ear Infections, and Eczema in Infants from the INMA Study

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Early-Life Exposure to Outdoor Air Pollution and Respiratory Health, Ear Infections, and Eczema in Infants from the INMA Study

dc.contributor.author	Aguilera, Inmaculada	es_ES
dc.contributor.author	Pedersen, Marie	es_ES
dc.contributor.author	Garcia-Esteban, Raquel	es_ES
dc.contributor.author	Ballester, Ferran	es_ES
dc.contributor.author	Basterrechea, Mikel	es_ES
dc.contributor.author	Esplugues, Ana	es_ES
dc.contributor.author	Fernández-Somoano, Ana	es_ES
dc.contributor.author	Lertxundi, Aitana	es_ES
dc.contributor.author	Tardón, Adonina	es_ES
dc.contributor.author	Sunyer, Jordi	es_ES
dc.date.accessioned	2015-06-19T10:19:55Z
dc.date.available	2015-06-19T10:19:55Z
dc.date.issued	2012	es_ES
dc.identifier.citation	Environmental Health Perspectives Vol. 121 Issue 3: pp. 387-392	es_ES
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10550/44569
dc.description.abstract	Background: Prenatal and early-life periods may be critical windows for harmful effects of air pollution on infant health.Objectives: We studied the association of air pollution exposure during pregnancy and the first year of life with respiratory illnesses, ear infections, and eczema during the first 12–18 months of age in a Spanish birth cohort of 2,199 infants.Methods: We obtained parentally reported information on doctor-diagnosed lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) and parental reports of wheezing, eczema, and ear infections. We estimated individual exposures to nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and benzene with temporally adjusted land use regression models. We used log-binomial regression models and a combined random-effects meta-analysis to estimate the effects of air pollution exposure on health outcomes across the four study locations.Results: A 10-µg/m3 increase in average NO2 during pregnancy was associated with LRTI [relative risk (RR) = 1.05; 95% CI: 0.98, 1.12] and ear infections (RR = 1.18; 95% CI: 0.98, 1.41). The RRs for an interquartile range (IQR) increase in NO2 were 1.08 (95% CI: 0.97, 1.21) for LRTI and 1.31 (95% CI: 0.97, 1.76) for ear infections. Compared with NO2, the association for an IQR increase in average benzene exposure was similar for LRTI (RR = 1.06; 95% CI: 0.94, 1.19) and slightly lower for ear infections (RR = 1.17; 95% CI: 0.93, 1.46). Associations were slightly stronger among infants whose mothers spent more time at home during pregnancy. Air pollution exposure during the first year was highly correlated with prenatal exposure, so we were unable to discern the relative importance of each exposure period.Conclusions: Our findings support the hypothesis that early-life exposure to ambient air pollution may increase the risk of upper and lower respiratory tract infections in infants.	es_ES
dc.subject	air pollution	es_ES
dc.subject	children’s health	es_ES
dc.subject	ear infections	es_ES
dc.subject	eczema	es_ES
dc.subject	in utero exposure	es_ES
dc.subject	respiratory infections	es_ES
dc.title	Early-Life Exposure to Outdoor Air Pollution and Respiratory Health, Ear Infections, and Eczema in Infants from the INMA Study	es_ES
dc.type	journal article	es_ES
dc.identifier.doi	10.1289/ehp.1205281	es_ES
dc.identifier.idgrec	087188	es_ES
dc.identifier.idgrec	094996