The primary function of a corono-radicular post is to provide retention for a core, which replaces lost coronal tooth structure and retains the final restoration without compromising the apical seal of the endodontic filling. Therefore, it is important to select a post system that provides maximum retention, yet removes as little as possible of the remaining subgingival tooth structure. Several new esthetic dowel systems are available for the restoration of endodontically treated teeth, but little is known about how effectively these dowels seal the restored teeth. These post and core restorations are subjected to repeated tension, compression and torquing forces. Most forces clinically manifest themselves as tensile forces or shear stress on the post-cement-dentin interfaces. Recently, various endodontic dowel systems have been made available for restoring endodontic treated or mutilated teeth, making the choice difficult for the practitioner. In light of this, the current paper provides an insight into the various post and core systems available, the criteria and methods for their selection and cementation.