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Origin of modern syphilis and emergence of a pandemic Treponema pallidum cluster

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Origin of modern syphilis and emergence of a pandemic Treponema pallidum cluster

dc.contributor.author	Arora, Natasha
dc.contributor.author	Schuenemann, Verena J.
dc.contributor.author	Jäger, Günter
dc.contributor.author	Peltzer, Alexander
dc.contributor.author	Seitz, Alexander
dc.contributor.author	Herbig, Alexander
dc.contributor.author	Strouhal, Michal
dc.contributor.author	Grillová, Linda
dc.contributor.author	Sánchez-Busó, Leonor
dc.contributor.author	Kühnert, Denise
dc.contributor.author	Bos, Kirsten I.
dc.contributor.author	Rivero Davis, Leyla
dc.contributor.author	Mikalová, Lenka
dc.contributor.author	Bruisten, Sylvia
dc.contributor.author	Komericki, Peter
dc.contributor.author	French, Patrick
dc.contributor.author	Grant, Paul R.
dc.contributor.author	Pando, María A.
dc.contributor.author	Gallo Vaulet, Lucía
dc.contributor.author	Rodríguez Fermepin, Marcelo
dc.contributor.author	Martinez, Antonio
dc.contributor.author	Centurion Lara, Arturo
dc.contributor.author	Giacani, Lorenzo
dc.contributor.author	Norris, Steven J.
dc.contributor.author	Majs, David
dc.contributor.author	Bosshard, Philipp P.
dc.contributor.author	González Candelas, Fernando
dc.contributor.author	Nieselt, Kay
dc.contributor.author	Krause, Johannes
dc.contributor.author	Bagheri, Homayoun C.
dc.date.accessioned	2017-05-09T14:08:02Z
dc.date.available	2017-05-09T14:08:02Z
dc.date.issued	2017
dc.identifier.citation	Arora, Natasha Schuenemann, Verena J. Jäger, Günter Peltzer, Alexander Seitz, Alexander Herbig, Alexander Strouhal, Michal Grillová, Linda Sánchez-Busó, Leonor Kühnert, Denise Bos, Kirsten I. Rivero Davis, Leyla Mikalová, Lenka Bruisten, Sylvia Komericki, Peter French, Patrick Grant, Paul R. Pando, María A. Gallo Vaulet, Lucía Rodríguez Fermepin, Marcelo Martinez, Antonio Centurion Lara, Arturo Giacani, Lorenzo Norris, Steven J. majs, David Bosshard, Philipp P. González Candelas, Fernando Nieselt, Kay Krause, Johannes Bagheri, Homayoun C. 2017 Origin of modern syphilis and emergence of a pandemic Treponema pallidum cluster Nature microbiology 2 16245
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10550/58402
dc.description.abstract	The abrupt onslaught of the syphilis pandemic that started in the late fifteenth century established this devastating infectious disease as one of the most feared in human history. Surprisingly, despite the availability of effective antibiotic treatment since the mid-twentieth century, this bacterial infection, which is caused by Treponema pallidum subsp. pallidum (TPA), has been re-emerging globally in the last few decades with an estimated 10.6 million cases in 2008. Although resistance to penicillin has not yet been identified, an increasing number of strains fail to respond to the secondline antibiotic azithromycin. Little is known about the genetic patterns in current infections or the evolutionary origins of the disease due to the low quantities of treponemal DNA in clinical samples and difficulties in cultivating the pathogen. Here, we used DNA capture and whole-genome sequencing to successfully interrogate genome-wide variation from syphilis patient specimens, combined with laboratory samples of TPA and two other subspecies. Phylogenetic comparisons based on the sequenced genomes indicate that the TPA strains examined share a common ancestor after the fifteenth century, within the early modern era. Moreover, most contemporary strains are azithromycin-resistant and are members of a globally dominant cluster, named here as SS14-Ω. The cluster diversified from a common ancestor in the mid-twentieth century subsequent to the discovery of antibiotics. Its recent phylogenetic divergence and global presence point to the emergence of a pandemic strain cluster.
dc.language.iso	eng
dc.relation.ispartof	Nature microbiology, 2017, vol. 2, p. 16245
dc.subject	Malalties de transmissió sexual
dc.subject	Bacteris
dc.subject	Microbiologia
dc.title	Origin of modern syphilis and emergence of a pandemic Treponema pallidum cluster
dc.type	journal article	es_ES
dc.date.updated	2017-05-09T14:08:03Z
dc.identifier.doi	10.1038/nmicrobiol.2016.245
dc.identifier.idgrec	116215
dc.rights.accessRights	open access	es_ES