Objectives: The objective of this study was to investigate the frequencies of idiopathic osteosclerosis (IO) and condensing osteitis (CO) in a Turkish patient population with respect to age and sex, in addition to shape, localization, and the dental relationship of IO and CO lesions. Patients and methods: A retrospective study was performed using panoramic radiographs of 6,154 patients ranging in age from 5 to 69 subjected to dental treatment. Descriptive characteristics of radiopacities, including shape, localization, and dental relationship were recorded. The Chi-squared test was used. Results: There were 238 radiopacities detected, 185 IO lesions in 150 (2.44 %) subjects (96 female, 54 male and mean age: 26.2), and 53 CO lesions in 50 (0.81 %) subjects (27 female, 23 male and mean age: 32.8). Both IO and CO lesions were found to be higher in number among females when compared to males. However, this difference was statistically significant only for IO lesions (p<0.001). The frequency of IO lesions was found to be significantly higher in the 3rd and 4th decades of life (20-39 years) than in other decades (p<0.001). On the other hand, the frequency of CO lesions was the similar in the age ranges of 20-39 years and 40-69 years, and its frequency in these periods was statistically higher than in the 1st and 2nd decades of life (p<0.01). Conclusion: Our results point to the low IO and CO frequency among the Turkish population. In addition, our findings support the theory that IO lesions are developmental variations of normal bone architecture unrelated to a local stimulant and CO lesions could be considered reactive formations related to teeth with severe caries, restoration, or pulpitis.