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In the last years, research in economics has shown a gender gap in the willingness to compete with women shying away from competition more than men do. This gender difference in preferences towards competition has been considered a critical factor in explaining the small percentage of women found in top-level positions in business, science, or politics. Therefore, in order to improve women job prospects, research and policy interventions try to offer incentives for women to increase competitive behavior. However, other recent studies specifically point at men¿s competitive behavior as the responsible for some of the financial markets malfunctions, suggesting that an influx of talented women on industry could reduce the aggressive risk taking and competition and therefore improve economic welfare. Thus, ideally, talented women should reach decision-making positions in industry, markets, science and politics without having strong preferences for competition. Consequently, it becomes important to design a different kind of competitive systems to allow for talented but not necessarily competitive women to improve. Also, this highlights the need to study gender preferences for competition in combination with some other regarding preferences as cooperation. We present the first study that analyzes the relationship of gender with a combination of conditions that include not only competitive but also cooperative behavior. The results of the fuzzy analysis show that not only one variable but the set of conditions altogether: competition, cooperation, risk aversion, and experience in competitive sports and games explain different gender behavior.
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