NF1 is a relatively frequently occurring autosomal dominant inherited disease. There are conflicting reports about oral health status in NF1. The aim of this study was to analyze the dental status of patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). Radiographs of 179 patients with NF1 were analyzed for decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT) in a cross-sectional, retrospective study. The results were compared to age- and sex-matched controls of individuals not affected by NF1. The NF1 group was differentiated for facial tumor type and localization. Missing teeth were more frequently registered in the NF1 group. On the other hand, decayed teeth were more frequent in the reference group. However, these findings had to be interpreted with caution, because the type and localization of the facial tumor affected the measured values. Dental health in terms of DMFT differed between NF1 patients and the control group. The presented results indicate the need for special care in dentistry in NF1 patients in order to preserve dental health, particularly in individuals affected with certain types of facial tumors.