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Guijarro Ferrer, Lluís
Garcia-España Monsonis, Enrique (dir.); Verdejo Viu, Begoña (dir.) Institut de Ciència Molecular |
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Aquest document és un/a tesi, creat/da en: 2018 | |
As a research member in the Supramolecular Chemistry Group of the Universitat of València, the author of this thesis focuses his work in developing the objectives set in it, which consist on the design, synthesis and study of bioactive compounds with antioxidant, antitumor and/or antiparasitic activity. Thus, seven new polyamine ligands were designed and synthesized to obtain new antioxidant complexes as well as to evaluate their interaction with nucleic acid sequences. This process required, in some cases, the development of new synthetic routes. Since the polyamines have, by definition, several groups capable of being protonated and that affects both the chemical characteristics and the biological activity depending on their degree of protonation at a certain pH value, the protonation constants were determined by potentiometric and spectroscopic techniques. Subsequently, speciation st...
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As a research member in the Supramolecular Chemistry Group of the Universitat of València, the author of this thesis focuses his work in developing the objectives set in it, which consist on the design, synthesis and study of bioactive compounds with antioxidant, antitumor and/or antiparasitic activity. Thus, seven new polyamine ligands were designed and synthesized to obtain new antioxidant complexes as well as to evaluate their interaction with nucleic acid sequences. This process required, in some cases, the development of new synthetic routes. Since the polyamines have, by definition, several groups capable of being protonated and that affects both the chemical characteristics and the biological activity depending on their degree of protonation at a certain pH value, the protonation constants were determined by potentiometric and spectroscopic techniques. Subsequently, speciation studies with copper (II) and manganese (II) were carried out. The introduction of additional donor groups in the new polyamine ligands allowed obtaining complexes with metal stoichiometries 1:1 and 2:1 as well as several protonation degrees, which is novel in the design of superoxide dismutase mimetics. Once determined that the complexes did not present toxicity at working concentrations, the redox potentials of the different metallic centers were determined by electrochemical techniques. Subsequently, kinetic studies were conducted focused on evaluating the activity of the complexes to efficiently dismute the superoxide radical in aqueous solution, obtaining promising results for some of the species studied. Finally, in vitro tests with yeast cultures deficient in the SOD1 enzyme corroborated the high protective effect against oxidative stress of the binuclear complexes that showed greater catalytic activity. These studies were carried out in collaboration with the Molecular Biology research group belonging to the Pere Virgili Sanitary Research Institute (IISPV) of the Joan XXIII Hospital of the Rovira i Virgili University. On the other hand, the interaction of the polyamines with different nucleic acid sequences of double-stranded type representative of DNA and RNA was evaluated. Additionally, the capacity of those receptors that presents photoluminescent properties to act as fluorescent sensors of different nucleic acid sequences representative of neurodegenerative diseases was analyzed, resulting in a totally different fluorescent response depending on the sequence studied. In the course of this thesis a variety of experimental techniques were used: potentiometry, nuclear magnetic resonance, UV-Vis spectroscopy, fluorescence emission, circular dichroism, cyclic voltammetry, etc.Como miembro investigador en grupo de Química Supramolecular de la Universitat de València el autor de la presente tesis ha orientado su trabajo a desarrollar y cumplir los objetivos marcados en el mismo, que consisten en el diseño, síntesis y estudio de compuestos bioactivos con acción antioxidante, antitumoral y/o antiparasitaria. Así pues, se diseñaron y sintetizaron siete nuevos ligandos poliamínicos para la obtención de nuevos complejos antioxidantes así como para evaluar su interacción con secuencias de ácidos nucleicos. Este proceso requirió, en algunos casos, del desarrollo y la puesta a punto de nuevas rutas sintéticas. Dado que las poliaminas poseen por definición varios grupos susceptibles de ser protonados y que tanto las características químicas como su actividad biológica dependen de su grado
de protonación a un determinado valor de pH, se determinaron las constantes de protonación mediante técnicas potenciométricas y espectroscópicas. Posteriormente se llevaron a cabo estudios de especiación con cobre (II) y manganeso (II). La introducción de grupos dadores adicionales en los nuevos ligandos poliamínicos permitió la obtención de complejos con estequiometrías metal:ligando 1:1 y
2:1 así como grados de protonación varios, lo cual resulta novedoso en el diseño de miméticos de la superóxido dismutasa. Una vez determinado que los complejos no presentaban toxicidad a las concentraciones de trabajo, se determinaron los potenciales redox de los distintos centros metálicos mediante técnicas electroquímicas. Posteriormente se realizaron estudios cinéticos enfocados a evaluar la actividad de los complejos para dismutar eficientemente el radical superóxido en disolución acuosa, obteniéndose resultados prometedores para algunas de las especies estudiadas. Finalmente, mediante ensayos in-vitro con cultivos de levaduras deficientes de la enzima SOD1
se corroboró el elevado efecto protector frente al estrés oxidativo de aquellos complejos binucleares que presentaban mayor actividad catalítica. Estos estudios se realizaron en colaboración con el grupo de investigación de Biología Molecular perteneciente al Institut de Investigació Sanitaria Pere Virgili (IISPV) del Hospital Joan XXIII de la Universidad Rovira i Virgili. Por otro lado se evaluó la interacción
de las poliaminas con distintas secuencias de ácidos nucleicos de tipo doble hebra representativas de ADN y de ARN. En última instancia
se analizó la capacidad de aquellos receptores que presentaban propiedades fotoluminiscentes para actuar como sensores fluorescentes
de secuencias determinadas de ácidos nucleicos representativas de enfermedades neurodegenerativas, observándose una respuesta fluorescente totalmente diferente en función de la secuencia estudiada. En el transcurso de esta tesis se utilizaron una gran variedad de técnicas experimentales: potenciometría, resonancia magnética nuclear, espectroscopía UV-Vis, emisión de fluorescencia, dicroísmo circular, voltamperometría cíclica etc.
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