ABSTRACT:In 1668, the emblem bookHet voorhof der ziele[The Antechamber of the Soul] was published in Rotterdam by the bookseller and humanist François van Hoogstraten. Its main argument conveys the concept of vanitas, since its point of departure is found in the Tratado de La Vanidad del mundo(Treatise of the Vanity of the World) by the Spanish preacher, friar Diego de Estella (1574). This work, rather than slavishly following the sources and content of the Spanish treatise, includes a series of variants that allow for the corroboration that it is neither plagiarism nor a translation of the Spanish original. These variant include the incorporation of works subsequent to the publication of Estella's work. o this end, the introduction of numerous quotations of the emblematist Diego Saavedra Fajardo is significant. The aim of this work is to carry out an analysis of the presence of the diplomat from Murcia in the Dutch text to determine the reasons that led Hoogstraten to introduce in his repertoire the most important Spanish emblematist of the Modern Age.   KEYWORDS: Emblematics; Modern Age; François van Hoogstraten; Diego de Estella; Diego Saavedra Fajardo; Vanity.