Mostra el registre complet de l'element
Calvo Pascual, Susana
Belda Ramírez, José R. (dir.); Martí Vilar, Manuel (dir.); Prieto Andrés, Jesús Luis (dir.) Departament de Medicina |
|
Aquest document és un/a tesi, creat/da en: 2022 | |
Introduction. Smoking is a chronic disease, the first preventable cause of death in the world. The usual psychological counseling is Cognitive Behavioral Strategies. Applied Prosociality is proposed as a new psychological advice to quit smoking. Nicotine unbalances the Autonomic Nervous System that detects Heart Rate Variability (HRV). The main objective has been to detect adherence to Applied Prosociality and the secondary objectives, to detect the relationship between the two psychological counseling and the components of HRV and the process of quitting smoking.
Methodology. Prospective, experimental and randomized study. It has been addressed to 111 smokers, 54 excluded (48.6%); 29 have received Cognitive Behavioral counseling and 28 Prosocial counseling. The intervention has been carried out through two questionnaires: the Prosocial Quality Communication (PCC) and the Prosocial In...
[Llegir més ...]
[-]
Introduction. Smoking is a chronic disease, the first preventable cause of death in the world. The usual psychological counseling is Cognitive Behavioral Strategies. Applied Prosociality is proposed as a new psychological advice to quit smoking. Nicotine unbalances the Autonomic Nervous System that detects Heart Rate Variability (HRV). The main objective has been to detect adherence to Applied Prosociality and the secondary objectives, to detect the relationship between the two psychological counseling and the components of HRV and the process of quitting smoking.
Methodology. Prospective, experimental and randomized study. It has been addressed to 111 smokers, 54 excluded (48.6%); 29 have received Cognitive Behavioral counseling and 28 Prosocial counseling. The intervention has been carried out through two questionnaires: the Prosocial Quality Communication (PCC) and the Prosocial Inventory (PI). Pharmacological treatment has been varenicline or Nicotine Replacement Therapy (NRT). The number of cigarettes smoked per day and the levels of carbon monoxide in expired air (COe) were requested at each visit. The analysis of the HRV has been carried out using an instrument that incorporates a sensor equipment for the components of the HRV. Statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS version 15.0 program. Pearson's Chi-square test, Cramer's V coefficient, and Student's t-test were used to compare quantitative variables. Statistical significance was p < 0.05.
Results. The mean age of the sample (n=57) was 55.37 (±10.96) years, 63.2% were women. Weight has increased and heart rate has decreased after quitting smoking. Smoking characteristics were 17.91 (±7.04) cig/d, Accumulated Index 29.58 (±13.07) pack/years, COe 26.74 (±17.24) ppm, Test of Fagerström: 6.14 (±2.07), the Glover-Nilsson Test: 20.06 (±6.74) and motivation: 7.21 (±2.16). Varenicline has been received by 66.7% and NRT by 12.3%. A p has been obtained = 0.001 for the PI and not significant for the PCC questionnaire. An adherence to Applied Prosociality of the Prosocial group (82.1%) and the Cognitive Behavioral group (44.8%) is confirmed. The total adherence has been 63.2%. No significant differences have been observed between psychological counseling and smoking abstinence. The relationship between HRV components and smoking abstinence was significant with an OR of LF: 0.995, HF: 1.006 and LF/HF: 1.354.
Conclusions. Applied Prosociality can be used in smoking queries. The PI questionnaire is useful for smoking cessation, but the PCC questionnaire is not. Both psychological counseling can be used interchangeably for smoking cessation. Those smokers with HRV involvement have more difficulty quitting smoking.Introducción. El tabaquismo es una enfermedad crónica, primera causa de muerte evitable en el mundo. El asesoramiento psicológico habitual son las Estrategias Cognitivo Conductuales. Se propone la Prosocialidad Aplicada como nuevo asesoramiento psicológico para dejar de fumar. La nicotina desequilibra el Sistema Nervioso Autónomo que detecta la Variabilidad de la Frecuencia Cardíaca (VFC). El objetivo principal ha sido detectar adherencia a la Prosocialidad Aplicada y los objetivos secundarios, detectar la relación entre los dos asesoramientos psicológicos y los componentes de la VFC y el proceso de dejar de fumar.
Metodología. Estudio prospectivo, experimental y aleatorizado. Se ha dirigido a 111 fumadores, 54 excluidos (48.6%); 29 han recibido el asesoramiento Cognitivo Conductual y 28 el asesoramiento Prosocial. La intervención se ha realizado mediante dos cuestionarios: de la Comunicación de Calidad Prosocial (CCP) y del Inventario Prosocial (IP). El tratamiento farmacológico ha sido la vareniclina o la Terapia Sustitutiva con Nicotina (TSN). Se ha solicitado en cada visita el número de cigarrillos fumados diarios y los niveles del monóxido de carbono en aire espirado (COe). El análisis de la VFC se ha realizado mediante un instrumento que lleva incorporado un equipo sensor de los componentes de la VFC. El análisis estadístico se ha realizado mediante el programa SPSS versión 15.0. Se ha utilizado la prueba Chi cuadrado de Pearson, el coeficiente V de Cramer y para la comparación de las variables cuantitativas, la prueba t de Student. La significación estadística ha sido de p < 0,05.
Resultados. La edad media de la muestra (n=57) ha sido de 55,37 (±10.96) años, el 63.2% han sido mujeres. El peso ha aumentado y la frecuencia cardíaca ha disminuido tras el abandono del tabaco. Las características tabáquicas han sido 17.91 (± 7.04) cig/d, Índice Acumulado 29.58 (±13,07) años/paquete, el COe 26.74 (±17.24) ppm, el Test de
Fagerström: 6.14 (±2.07), el Test de Glover-Nilsson: 20.06 (±6.74) y la motivación: 7.21 (±2.16). La vareniclina la ha recibido un 66.7% y la TSN un 12.3%. Se ha obtenido una p
= 0.001 para el IP y no significativa para el cuestionario de CCP. Se confirma una adherencia a la Prosocialidad Aplicada del grupo Prosocial (82.1%) y del grupo Cognitivo Conductual (44.8%). La adherencia total ha sido de 63.2%. No se han objetivado diferencias significativas entre los asesoramientos psicológicos y la abstinencia tabáquica. La relación de los componentes de la VFC y la abstinencia tabáquica ha sido significativa con una OR de LF: 0.995, HF: 1.006 y de LF/HF: 1.354.
Conclusiones. La Prosocialidad Aplicada se puede usar en las consultas de tabaquismo. El cuestionario del IP es útil para el abandono del tabaco, no así el cuestionario de CCP. Ambos asesoramientos psicológicos se pueden utilizar indistintamente para el abandono del tabaco. Aquellas personas fumadoras con afectación de la VFC presentan más dificultad para dejar de fumar.
|
|
Veure al catàleg Trobes |