Breast cancer (BC) is the most common malignant neoplasm in women worldwide. Chemotherapy (CT) remains essential in the treatment of this type of tumour. Patients may present musculoskeletal disorders due to the side effects of CT, which can lead to inability to walk, fall, or fractures associated with balance disorders. The objective of the present review is to analyse postural alterations in patients with BC undergoing CT. Previous reports both prospective and retrospective cohort studies from 2010 to 2020, were included. The results show a strong relationship between postural alterations and patients with BC undergoing CT treatment. These data suggest that exposure to CT is an important factor not only for the presence of balance alterations and risk of falls but also for the decrease of quality of life in these patients. These results point out the need to diagnose and assess postural alterations to prevent functional impact in BC patients through exercise programs.