This research aims to shed light on the effect of corporate social responsibility (CSR)disclosure on capital structure, a significant strategic policy for all listed companies.Furthermore, it aims to explore the moderating effect of the presence of femaledirectors on corporate boards on the relationship between CSR disclosure and capitalstructure. We use an international sample of 48 countries for the years 2007–2019collected from the Thomson Reuters database. This study uses the GMM procedureto estimate the model of the association between the disclosure of CSR informationand capital structure and the moderating effect of board gender diversity in suchrelationship. Drawing on agency theory, the results support the negative relationshipbetween CSR disclosure and capital structure. Moreover, our findings also reveal thatboard gender diversity does not moderate the association between CSR disclosureand capital structure.