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Cardiorespiratory fitness measured with cardiopulmonary exercise testing and mortality in patients with cardiovascular disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis

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Cardiorespiratory fitness measured with cardiopulmonary exercise testing and mortality in patients with cardiovascular disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis

dc.contributor.author	Ezzatvar de Llago, Yasmin
dc.contributor.author	Núñez Villota, Julio
dc.contributor.author	Calatayud Villalba, Joaquín
dc.contributor.author	Ramírez Vélez, Robinson
dc.contributor.author	García-Hermoso, Antonio
dc.contributor.author	Izquierdo, Mikel
dc.date.accessioned	2023-11-10T08:04:34Z
dc.date.available	2023-11-11T05:45:06Z
dc.date.issued	2021	es_ES
dc.identifier.uri	https://hdl.handle.net/10550/91037
dc.description.abstract	Background Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is inversely associated with mortality in apparently healthy subjects and in some clinical populations, but evidence for the association between CRF and all-cause and/or cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality in patients with established CVD is lacking. This study aimed to quantify this association. Methods We searched for prospective cohort studies that measured CRF with cardiopulmonary exercise testing in patients with CVD and that examined all-cause and CVD mortality with at least 6 months of follow-up. Pooled hazard ratios (HRs) were calculated using random-effect inverse-variance analyses. Results Data were obtained from 21 studies and included 159,352 patients diagnosed with CVD (38.1% female). Pooled HRs for all-cause and CVD mortality comparing the highest vs. lowest category of CRF were 0.42 (95% confidence interval (95%CI): 0.28–0.61) and 0.27 (95%CI: 0.16–0.48), respectively. Pooled HRs per 1 metabolic equivalent (1-MET) increment were significant for all-cause mortality (HR = 0.81; 95%CI: 0.74–0.88) but not for CVD mortality (HR = 0.75; 95%CI: 0.48–1.18). Coronary artery disease patients with high CRF had a lower risk of all-cause mortality (HR = 0.32; 95%CI: 0.26–0.41) than did their unfit counterparts. Each 1-MET increase was associated with lower all-cause mortality risk among coronary artery disease patients (HR = 0.83; 95%CI: 0.76–0.91) but not lower among those with heart failure (HR = 0.69; 95%CI: 0.36–1.32). Conclusion A better CRF was associated with lower risk of all-cause mortality and CVD. This study supports the use of CRF as a powerful predictor of mortality in this population.	es_ES
dc.language.iso	en	es_ES
dc.publisher	Elsevier	es_ES
dc.source	Yasmin Ezzatvar, Mikel Izquierdo, Julio Núñez, Joaquín Calatayud, Robinson Ramírez-Vélez, Antonio García-Hermoso, Cardiorespiratory fitness measured with cardiopulmonary exercise testing and mortality in patients with cardiovascular disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis, Journal of Sport and Health Science, Volume 10, Issue 6, 2021, Pages 609-619.	es_ES
dc.subject	cardiopulmonary fitness	es_ES
dc.subject	coronary artery disease	es_ES
dc.subject	exercise capacity	es_ES
dc.subject	heart failure	es_ES
dc.subject	survival	es_ES
dc.title	Cardiorespiratory fitness measured with cardiopulmonary exercise testing and mortality in patients with cardiovascular disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis	es_ES
dc.type	journal article	es_ES
dc.subject.unesco	UNESCO::CIENCIAS MÉDICAS	es_ES
dc.identifier.doi	/10.1016/j.jshs.2021.06.004	es_ES
dc.accrualmethod	S	es_ES
dc.embargo.terms	0 days	es_ES
dc.type.hasVersion	VoR	es_ES
dc.rights.accessRights	open access	es_ES