The article argues ?from the Deleuzian concepts of society of control, moulding and modulation and the Rosean theory on the economization and medicalization of life? that the expansion of the concept of health in terms of integral and subjective well-being is the effect of a socio-historical shift in the way we relate to this signifier, and therefore to our bodies and ourselves. We use this interpretative network to analyze the effects that the biopsychosocial health paradigm has had in the context of aesthetic surgery and fitness practice. As a result, we see that the expansion of the concept of health has extended the domain of medicine into the spheres of personal care and physical appearance. This legitimized the practice of aesthetic surgery in the medical and social field, previously undervalued in the modern scenario, while it operated as a condition of possibility for the emergence and globalization of the culture of fitness. We conclude with a brief presentation of the argumentation deployed in the different sections of the article, from which we reflect on the ethical-political implications of a holistically modulable and asymptotically perfectible health in the socio-labour dynamics of contemporary capitalism. We relate these arguments, finally, to the destabilizations that the health and political treatment of the COVID-19 global pandemic poses to a conception of health defined in terms of informed and efficient elective practices